Acute vs Chronic Studies (Studi Akut vs Kronik)
What are characteristics of acute?
What are general purposes for acute test?
What are characteristics of chronic?
What are general purposes for chronic test?
What are LD50 and LC50?
Important Note!
What are characteristics of acute?
Most used study because of several reasons:
1. Short term (less than 14 days)
2. relative inexpensive
3. The result is LD50 or LC 50
What are general purposes for acute test?
1. determine LD50, lethal dose for 50% animal population on the laboratory (observerd effect is death)
2. identify target organ (liver, kidneys etc.)
3. general picture for chronic test dose
What are characteristics of chronic?
1. long term (weeks, months, years, lifetime)
2. relative expensive
3. Exposure of object study by non-lethal dose of chemical continously
4. Expensive, especially if your object study is human and mobile (human residence, job, profession etc)
What are general purposes for chronic test?
1. obtain information on long term effects exposure by substance
2. useful to determine which toxic substance cause disease, like cancer
What are LD50 and LC50?
LD50:
lethal dose that cause 50% of test animals are death. You can change 50 to another value to represent the percentage of animal death. The route of exposure is either by ingestion, dermal absorption or injection. The unit is mg/kg or ppm. It can be expressed as well as 24-h LD50 or 96-h LD50, 24 and 96 represent hours.
LC50:
lethal dose for 50% animal death usualy by inhalation. Animals are usualy esxposed for 4 hours by toxic substances. The unit is ppm (gas or vapor) or mg/m3 (particulate).
Important Note
Acute and chronic studies provide useful info, but it is not 100% representing environment to which people are exposed in daily life. This is because normally these studies are done in a controlled variables to asssis in building a cause-effect relationship.
